Shot in the Dark

Nickeled And Deceived

Peg Kaplan read Nickeled and Dimed, by Barbara Ehrenreich, too.  And she liked it about as much as I did:

While I would never argue that people who earn hourly wages at Wal-Mart, fill orders at Wendy’s or clean rooms at Hampton Inn don’t have serious struggles, Ms. Ehrenreich’s book was a joke.  Part of her undercover stint took place in my hometown, Minneapolis.  Thus, it was easy to see that the author didn’t really want to be successful.  She never tried to improve her positions, get superior housing, bargain for better anything at all.  She was surly and rude to most with whom she met – be it co-workers, superiors or clerks where she was trying to find decent but inexpensive housing. 

Beyond that?  My problem with Ehrenreich’s book was that while she may have had some minimum wage jobs, she actually lived like an upper-middle-class person who’d put on a “poor” costume and was acting, as Peg noted, like a cartoon of a disadvantaged person.  Her conclusions were already set; there was never any doubt about the outcome of her experiment, and if there HAD been, her cartoonish, central-casting “poor person” behavior pretty well scuppered it. 

Which, in addition to being a pretty risible approach to a serious issue, was kind of insulting.  Early in my marriage, my wife-at-the-time and I got by on very little money, scrimped and pinched pennies and, eventually, found the opportunity to get ahead; the notion that a pampered foof like Ehrenreich thought her cartoonish experiences emblematic was nauseating.

I bring this up because Peg points us to this piece in the Christian Science Monitor, about a recent college grad who tried Ehrenreich’s experiment, in reverse:

Shortly after graduating from Merrimack College in North Andover, Mass., [Adam Shepard] intentionally left his parents’ home to test the vivacity of the American Dream. His goal: to have a furnished apartment, a car, and $2,500 in savings within a year.

To make his quest even more challenging, he decided not to use any of his previous contacts or mention his education.

During his first 70 days in Charleston, Shepard lived in a shelter and received food stamps. He also made new friends, finding work as a day laborer, which led to a steady job with a moving company.

Ten months into the experiment, he decided to quit after learning of an illness in his family. But by then he had moved into an apartment, bought a pickup truck, and had saved close to $5,000.

The effort, he says, was inspired after reading “Nickel and Dimed,” in which author Barbara Ehrenreich takes on a series of low-paying jobs. Unlike Ms. Ehrenreich, who chronicled the difficulty of advancing beyond the ranks of the working poor, Shepard found he was able to successfully climb out of his self-imposed poverty.

He tells his story in “Scratch Beginnings: Me, $25, and the Search for the American Dream.” The book, he says, is a testament to what ordinary Americans can achieve.

Read the whole thing?  Sure, why not? 

(Via Peg at What If?)


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20 responses to “Nickeled And Deceived”

  1. billhedrick Avatar
    billhedrick

    I have been poor, and am still not rich. Being poor is a state where you are working to make the best of what you have, and to improve your lot. I think that people playing poor, or playing fat, as they do occasionally, miss the point. Poverty can be lived with but your mind set and expectations need to adjust. Also minimum wage jobs are starter jobs. If you work hard, your pay goes up. Hell, if you show up consistently your pay goes up. If you think the world owes you, you won’t advance, if you are grateful for what you have and are diligent, you will do better

  2. Chuck Avatar
    Chuck

    That’s a textbook case of where statistics lie. The victim hawks look at entry level, unskilled jobs and say “see, people were poor 20 years ago, they are more so poor now”. But what they don’t say is that those working for very low wages 20 years ago should be earning more now, and a new crop of people have come along to take the entry level jobs. They in turn will move up, etc.

  3. Mitch Avatar
    Mitch

    Chuck,

    That, and the ones that point to the size of the lowest quintile of incomes. Yep, the lowest quintile is pretty poor – but look at that quintile over the course of, say, ten years. Who in that quintile today was also there in 1998?

    Of them, how many had and have problems with drinking, drugs, mental illness, or really really bad choices in their (or, to be fair, their parents’) pasts?

    How many people in the third and fourth quintiles today were in the fifth in 1998? And vice versa…?

  4. Terry Avatar
    Terry

    I think you’ll find that movement between quintiles for individuals has slowed in the las 25 years.
    We could fix that by, say, stopping businesses from importing no-and-low-skilled labor, but that wouldn’t be fair to non-Americans.

  5. Chuck Avatar
    Chuck

    Terry, that is where a right winger like me agrees with more liberal types. I think businesses should pay enough to attract workers. If the job sucks and no one will do it, pay more. Don’t import people who will do the crap jobs for less money.

  6. kel Avatar
    kel

    Terry’s on to something there – the slowdown in movement from one quintile to another has largely been the result of unenforced borders and immigration laws. Illegal immigrants artificially pull the bottom down for the starter job market.

  7. Terry Avatar
    Terry

    I did a short search for quintile mobility studies but found nothing definitive. As usual you have to read statistics very carefully. One critique I found online said that some studies don’t handle young adult students properly, ie they consider it an increase in quintile mobility when a law student graduates & gets a job. That doesn’t seem to be what we really want to measure.

  8. Mitch Avatar
    Mitch

    I’d have to question the effect of immigration on the lowest quintiles. Do immigrants move out of the lowest quintile at the same rate that native-born Americans do? THAT’d be interesting.

    Even more interesting – how has the subsidy of poverty (AKA “welfare”) slowed upward movement from the lower quintile? Making poverty more tenable mutes the impulse to get OUT of it, after all…

  9. LiberalSpirit Avatar
    LiberalSpirit

    Gee…let’s see… a healthy, young white man able to come across enough decent paying day labor jobs (read largely cash payments) to get an apartment, a car and save $5,000, while a middle-aged, white woman stuck in a minimum wage job with a paycheck had problems making it.

    If you’re going to try to make a point, at least put together a reasonable argument.

    As for Ehrenreich’s not really trying to make it in Minneapolis, maybe you’ve been going to different WalMart stores than I have, but quite a few of the employees are quite often surly and rude, and I can’t say as I blame them. It comes with working for minimum wage – and perhaps, as someone who worked for poor wages virtually all of my adult life, I might be considered an authority. I struggled every day to pay the simplest bills and found myself frustrated, as well as being afraid of collections people and threat of wage garnishment.

    The college student wasn’t dealing with a lifetime of not being able to pay the bills, the college student wasn’t on the wrong side of the human resources culture in this country and its tendency to see youth as a huge asset in the hiring process. He was physically able to do the kind of demanding, physical jobs that pay fairly well and pay in cash, which eliminates those pesky deductions for taxes and whatever else your employer wishes to take off the top of your paycheck.

    As for welfare… imagine how this country would be different if churches established nation-wide initiatives to combat poverty, teen suicide, violence, race problems and other social issues, instead of building mega-church campuses, focusing their attention on providing what amounts to social clubs for their members. When churches abdicated their responsibility to serve the less fortunate, government took over. Because you can ignore the poor, but as someone famous once said, they will always be with you.

    The vast majority of Americans claim to be Christian. And still we live in a nation that could best be described as morally bankrupt.

    Why is it nobody ever talks about that?

  10. LiberalSpirit Avatar
    LiberalSpirit

    Gee…let’s see… a healthy, young white man is able to come across enough decent paying day labor jobs (read largely cash payments) to get an apartment, a car and save $5,000, while a middle-aged, white woman stuck in a minimum wage job with a paycheck had problems making it.

    If you’re going to try to make a point, at least put together a reasonable argument.

    Maybe you’ve been going to different WalMart stores than I have, but quite a few of the employees are quite often surly and rude, and I can’t say as I blame them. It comes with working for minimum wage – and perhaps, as someone who worked for poor wages virtually all of my adult life, I might be considered an authority. I struggled every day to pay the simplest bills and found myself frustrated, as well as being afraid of collections people and threat of wage garnishment. You can’t complain about her not being authentic because she went back to her nice home at night, and then say she was TOO authentic during the work day.

    The college student was physically able to do the kind of physical jobs that pay fairly well and pay in cash, which eliminates those pesky deductions for taxes and whatever else your employer wishes to take off the top of your paycheck. I just read an article in the Los Angeles Times about how even day laborer jobs have dried up, because of the economy. I wonder how he’d do today?

    As for the “subsidy of poverty,” Americans have brought that on themselves. For instance, imagine how this country would be different if churches established nation-wide initiatives to combat poverty, teen suicide, violence, race problems and other social issues, instead of building mega-church campuses, focusing their attention on providing what amounts to social clubs for their members. When churches abdicated their responsibility to serve the less fortunate, government took over. Because you can ignore the poor, but as someone famous once said, they will always be with you.

    The vast majority of Americans claim to be Christian. And still we live in a nation that could best be described as morally bankrupt.

    Why is it nobody ever talks about that?

  11. billhedrick Avatar
    billhedrick

    “The vast majority of Americans claim to be Christian. And still we live in a nation that could best be described as morally bankrupt.

    Why is it nobody ever talks about that? ”

    ummm because that sort of talk leads to theocracy?
    /sarc

  12. Badda Avatar

    Very well, lib. Talk about it. Start with substantiating it.

  13. Mitch Avatar
    Mitch

    “Spirit”,

    I’ll take a shot at answering your question. Or, I guess, questions. Sort of.

    Gee…let’s see… a healthy, young white man is able to come across enough decent paying day labor jobs (read largely cash payments) to get an apartment, a car and save $5,000, while a middle-aged, white woman stuck in a minimum wage job with a paycheck had problems making it.

    Actually, you need to read more closely; Ehrenreich “stuck” herself with the minimum wage jobs. My point was that she – a wealthy white liberal – was quite visibly unable to make it because, even with her self-imposed low income, she lived like…an upper-middle-class liberal trying to act like a poor middle-aged woman!

    If you’re going to try to make a point, at least put together a reasonable argument.

    I’m not quite sure what you’re getting at. I made a point – several, in fact. And if you’re going to try to impugn the reasonableness of my argument, at least try to address some part of it!

    Maybe you’ve been going to different WalMart stores than I have, but quite a few of the employees are quite often surly and rude, and I can’t say as I blame them.

    Perhaps, but then it’s the ones that DON’T act that way that actually get off the floor.

    It comes with working for minimum wage

    You were the one asking ME to construct a reasonable argument?

    Working for crappy money IS stressful, no doubt about it. When my kids were babies, my ex-wife and I worked for terrible money, and struggled mightily to get by. We donated blood plasma to buy diapers. We made – as a couple – $18,000 in 1991, with one kid and another born halfway through the year.

    But I DID manage to learn some things that were of value in helping me – early in 1993 – to get out of that rut. And without the things I learned in 1991 and 1992, 1993 would never have happened.

    and perhaps, as someone who worked for poor wages virtually all of my adult life, I might be considered an authority. I struggled every day to pay the simplest bills and found myself frustrated, as well as being afraid of collections people and threat of wage garnishment.

    I’m not sure it’s something where “being an authority” is all that big a distinction.

    I have question for you, though, on the off-chance that you respond; when I was dirt-poor, it was through a combination of poor career choices (my radio career was moribund, and I was working some awful jobs), personal difficulties (it was years before I figured out I was most likely clinically depressed) and some choices I’d made that didn’t pan out well for me at the time.

    So – not to put you on the spot – but WHY did you work “for poor wages” most of your adult life?

    And when you answer that, then answer it for the OTHER people who are adults who are working at sub-subsistence jobs. WHY would an able-bodied, mentally and physically sound person over age 18 be working for minimum wage, or bad money of any type?

    I DO have an answer, but I’d love to see yours.

    You can’t complain about her not being authentic because she went back to her nice home at night, and then say she was TOO authentic during the work day.

    Of course I can!

    The college student was physically able to do the kind of physical jobs that pay fairly well and pay in cash

    So what? That’s who we’re talking about here – people who ARE physically and mentally capable of working, and of learning to DO things to earn money.

    which eliminates those pesky deductions for taxes and whatever else your employer wishes to take off the top of your paycheck.

    I’m not aware that his tax status was mentioned in the article – but no matter; adult minimum-wage earners in effect pay a negative tax; the EITC tends to pay them back more than they get withheld, if any, in the first place.

    I just read an article in the Los Angeles Times about how even day laborer jobs have dried up, because of the economy. I wonder how he’d do today?

    The article was about day labor for illegal immigrants in Los Angeles. The type of work they DO – helping with cleaning and remodel jobs in big-buck developments – is short these days. Transposing that to the entire day labor market is most likely pretty misleading.

    As for the “subsidy of poverty,” Americans have brought that on themselves.

    Not sure that you got my point with that term.

    For instance, imagine how this country would be different if churches established nation-wide initiatives to combat poverty, teen suicide, violence, race problems and other social issues, instead of building mega-church campuses, focusing their attention on providing what amounts to social clubs for their members.

    Leaving aside the non-sequitur – all the money in the world won’t fix any of those problems, whether from the government or from the so-called “megachurches” – the “megachurches” very, very frequently DO put an awful lot of money into charity.

    When churches abdicated their responsibility to serve the less fortunate, government took over.

    That, on the other hand, is an absolute myth! Churches are key players in dealing with all sorts of problems, and always have been. Government got into the poverty business in the thirties, and started trying to cure ALL social ills in the sixties. Churches never stopped trying to help; government just horned in on the action (and the money).

    The vast majority of Americans claim to be Christian. And still we live in a nation that could best be described as morally bankrupt.

    Why is it nobody ever talks about that?

    I’m not sure where you are, LS, but people talk about it all the time.

  14. Chad The Elder Avatar

    LS-

    Churches in America do an incredible amount to address exactly the problems that you mention and they often do it far more effectively than the government. Yet every attempt to have churches administer or take over such programs from the government is immediately decried as the coming of theocracy as Bill noted.

    As to your “morally bankrupt” charge, you should know that Americans give far more to charity both in dollars and volunteer time than in other Western countries. And religious Americans given more than their secular counterparts (the book “Who Really Cares” by Arthur Brooks has all the stats: http://www.arthurbrooks.net/ ) What’s really morally bankrupt is thinking that you don’t have to help your fellow man because it’s the government’s job.

  15. buzz Avatar
    buzz

    I worked for minimum wage once. Back in 1978. $2.65 hr. For 3 months. Took a job at McDonald as they were paying over $3 hour. Even when I was drifting and working crap jobs I made more than that. I was making around $6 hour in 1980, selling cameras at Montgomery Wards. When I was in school, I was making just above minimum wages and only making that for 20 hours a week. Out of school and working the past 18-19 years I think I was below 30K for a year or two and then steadily up. So you are not the only person getting by on low pay. It’s just some of us figured we could make more without waiting on the government to give it to us.

  16. Chuck Avatar
    Chuck

    I thought the christian bashing was a parady at first. Both liberal churches like my brother belongs to and conservative ones like I go to, do emmense amount of charitable work. A lot of churches have trouble affording maintenance issues….say roof or heating repairs..but spend large dollars on their outside works. Or in other words, they put their charitible work ahead of their own well-being.

  17. pianomomsicle Avatar
    pianomomsicle

    i read this book in college, and it is one of the few i kept instead of selling. i liked it. It wasn’t perfect, but it at least made me think about how difficult it must be for people in those situations. The chapter where she was a server in a diner in a state that allows servers to receive less than minimum wage because they expect the tips really made me think about how hard that must be. If nothing else, i tip better as a result of the book. It was a pretty interesting, though obviously politically biased book.

  18. Fulcrum Avatar
    Fulcrum

    Mitch, not sure if you can say this, “the notion that a pampered foof like Ehrenreich thought her cartoonish experiences emblematic was nauseating.”

    Without explicitly recognizing the fact that this book is from a college educated white male. How can his experience be deemed any more emblematic than hers?

    He stated in the interview that he quit when there was an illness in the family. Now while I do not fault him for that in the least bit, it would have been interesting to see how he could have gotten through that time frame with his job, savings, housing still intact after another 2 months (for his stated 12 month goals). Could he have reached his goals? Or would it all have come crashing in?

    He had to avoid the situation that many people simply can not.

  19. Paul Avatar
    Paul

    Now while I do not fault him for that in the least bit, it would have been interesting to see how he could have gotten through that time frame with his job, savings, housing still intact after another 2 months (for his stated 12 month goals).

    Fulcrum, the fact that he did it *at all* blows a hole in the argument that people are “stuck” at minimum-wage jobs. Remember, he started out with NO job contacts, NO college degree, $25, a gym bag and the clothes on his back, living in a homeless shelter. Yet only ten months later (!), he had $5000 savings, a truck and an apartment.

    The moral of the story is attitudes and beliefs are what keep people down, not the jobs themselves.

  20. Loren Avatar
    Loren

    My son, when 15, got a part time job, when he had no job skills, that paid about $2 or $3 better then minimum wage.

    I see the signs at the “burger-flipping” joints that indicate more than minimum wage is being offered.

    I look around at Walmart and Sam’s Club, and I don’t see any shackles on the employees that keep them in their (supposedly) horrible jobs. But I do see employees with tags that say they have been employees for 4, 5, 8 years.

    I myself worked for minimum wage in 1974 for McDonald’s. I left that job and got a better paying one, shoveling horse manure at the county fairgrounds. Then moved on to being a pump jockey at a truck stop. After I graduated college, I went to work for the then (1979) princely salary of $14,000 a year.

    If you have any sort of self motivation, you can improve your circumstances.

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